What is Low Energy?

Energy is created in the body using nutrients from foods. It is generated from the three macronutrients—carbohydrates, protein, and fats—with carbohydrates being the most widely used energy source. In cases where carbohydrates are scarce, the body can utilize protein or fats for energy. Metabolism is the series of chemical reactions in the body’s cells that convert food nutrients into cellular energy, known as Adenosine triphosphate (ATP).

When the body’s energy production process is impacted or impaired in any way, low energy levels in the body’s cells, tissues, organs and systems may result.

Causes of Low Energy

Low energy can be caused by a variety of factors including: Nutrient deficiencies, poor digestion, lacking sleep, adrenal fatigue, hypothyroidism, physical inactivity, allergies, asthma, anemia, heart disease, medication side effects, depression, cancer, chronic pain, overexertion, drug and alcohol use, dehydration, stress, inflammatory bowel disease, diabetes, leaky gut, chronic fatigue syndrome, infections, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), menopause and grief.

Symptoms of Low Energy

Low energy may be described as feelings of tiredness, fatigue, weariness, exhaustion, lethargy or sleepiness. It may also be accompanied by decreased motivation, depression, apathy, inability to engage in normal daily activities, cognitive difficulties, fever, hair loss, weight gain or loss, appetite changes or weakness.

Long-term effects of Low Energy

The long-term effects of low energy depend on the underlying cause. The most common causes are also factors that are largely under a person’s control, including diet, exercise habits, sleep patterns, drug and alcohol use, proper water intake and stress relief, so long-term complications of low energy may be mitigated by addressing these issues.

On the other hand, if a chronic disease is triggering low energy levels, the effects and prognosis depend on prompt and effective treatment of the underlying illness.